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© 2004 Tonalsoft Inc. |
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© 2004 Tonalsoft Inc. |
analysis of the measurement of holes
© 2003 by Joseph L. Monzo
of the Boehm clarinet key system
On this page I present a detailed examination of the measurement of holes on the Boehm clarinet.
At the top of the page is an applet that allows you to mouse-over a link for each fingering, showing the corresponding graph of open and closed holes for that fingering.
So far only the standard fingerings of the lowest (chalumeau) register are shown ... i hope to eventually update this to include first the full range of the instrument and then eventually microtonal, multiphonic, and other fingerings.
Below that is first an overall analysis of the Boehm clarinet key-system, then a detailed examination of the holes which are covered and uncovered with each fingering.
Graphs of hole-spacing on Boehm-system clarinet
©2003 by Joe Monzo
MouseOver the links for the notes of the clarinet
(arranged here from lowest to highest) to see the
corresponding graph of the open and closed holes.
fingering as in this webpage
http://www.wfg.woodwind.org/clarinet/cl_fing.html#a
measurements in millimeters from the top of the barrell down.
mouthpiece not included. lh = left hand and rh = right hand.
in .1.2.3.4 periods signify the four little right hand keys
at the bottom of the top joint.
minus signs around the measurement means that the hole is closed.
parentheses around the measurement means that the hole is open.
the bottom joint extends another 19 mm beyond the "E" hole,
for a total length from the barrell of 489 mm.
the bell extends another 107 mm beyond that, for a total
from the barrell of 596 mm.
Bb Boehm clarinet
-----------------
top at left, bottom at right, in order by fingering
R T A lhG# lh1 lh2 Eb lh3 C# F F# E | .1.2.3.4 rh1 rh2 B rh3 F# rhG# E F
(the F#, F, and E keys for both hands close exactly
the same holes)
here are the measurements and the open/closed situation
when no fingers are used, in order of fingerings:
mm
R -81-
T (157) & (166)
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
lh1 (157) & (178)
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
F
F#
E
---
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
.3 -168-
.4 -216-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
B -297-
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
F# (401) & -432-
rhG# -373-
E (401) & (470)
F (401)
bell 489 to 596
in order of holes, no fingers used:
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T (157) & (166)
.3 -168-
lh1 (157) & (178)
lh2 (197- & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
in fact this is the fingering for open G.
it will be repeated and examined in detail below.
==================
lowest E
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157) & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197) & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297)
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197) & -276- & -340-
rhG# -373-
F# -401- & -432-
F -401-
E -401- & -470-
[489]
[596]
everything closed
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 -- closed
373 -- closed
401 -- closed
432 -- closed
470 -- closed
-----------
lowest F
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & -340-
rhG# -373-
F# -401- & -432-
F -401-
E -401- & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything is closed down to 432 mm, 470 mm is open
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 -- closed
373 -- closed
401 -- closed
432 -- closed
470 () open
--------------
lowest F#
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & -340-
rhG# -373-
F# -401- & (432)
F -401-
E -401- & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything is closed down to 401 mm, 432 and 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 -- closed
373 -- closed
401 -- closed
432 () open
470 () open
-------------------------
lowest G
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & -340-
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything closed down to 373 mm, 401 open, 432 closed, 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 -- closed
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
------------
lowest G#
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & -340-
rhG# (373)
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything closed down to 340 mm, 373 and 401 open,
432 closed, 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 -- closed
373 () open
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
-------------
lowest A
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157-) & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything closed down to 318, 340 open, 373 closed,
401 open, 432 closed, 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
------------
lowest A#/Bb
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & (318)
rh3 -197- & -276- & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything closed down to 297 mm, 318 and 340 open,
373 closed, 401 open, 432 closed, 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
--------------------
lowest B
basic fingering
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & -276- & -318-
rh3 -197- & -276- & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 -- closed
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
----------------
lowest B
trill with A#/Bb
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B (297)
rh2 -197- & -276- & (318)
rh3 -197- & -276- & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
everything closed down to 297 mm, 318 and 340 open,
373 closed, 401 open, 432 closed, 470 open.
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 () open
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
---------------------
lowest C (middle C)
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
------------------
lowest C#/Db
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 -235-
C# (246)
rh1 -197- & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 -- closed
246 () open
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
--------------------
lowest D
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
------------------------
lowest D#/Eb
basic fingering
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb -213-
.4 (216)
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 -- closed
216 () open
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
---------------------
lowest D#/Eb
trill with D
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & -211-
Eb (213)
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 -- closed
213 () open
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
---------------------------
lowest D#/Eb
trill with E
sharp fingering used with right hand 1
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 -197- & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 -197- & -276- & -291-
B -297-
rh2 -197- & (276) & (318)
rh3 -197- & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 -- closed
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 -- closed
291 -- closed
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
------------------
break E
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 () open
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
---------------------
break F
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & (178)
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 -- closed
178 () open
197 () open
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
-------------
break F#/Gb
basic
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & (166)
.3 -168-
lh1 -157- & -178-
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 () open
168 -- closed
178 -- closed
197 () open
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
-----------
break F#/Gb
trill with F
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T -157- & -166-
.3 (168)
lh1 -157- & (178)
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 (216)
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 -- closed
166 -- closed
168 () open
178 () open
197 () open
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 () open
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
----------
open G
mm
R -81-
.1 -93-
.2 -119-
A -130- & -139-
lhG# -139-
T (157) & (166)
.3 -168-
lh1 (157) & (178)
lh2 (197) & (211)
Eb -213-
.4 -216-
lh3 (235)
C# -246-
rh1 (197) & (276) & (291)
B -297-
rh2 (197) & (276) & (318)
rh3 (197) & (276) & (340)
rhG# -373-
F# (401) & -432-
F (401)
E (401) & (470)
[489]
[596]
081 -- closed
093 -- closed
119 -- closed
130 -- closed
139 -- closed
157 () open
166 () open
168 -- closed
178 () open
197 () open
211 () open
213 -- closed
216 -- closed
235 () open
246 -- closed
276 () open
291 () open
297 -- closed
318 () open
340 () open
373 -- closed
401 () open
432 -- closed
470 () open
Updated:
2003.11.29 -- page created
Updated:
2003.11.29 -- page created
